The March 1st Movement, also known as the Sam-il Movement, was a major protest in 1919 by Koreans demanding independence from Japan and an end to forced cultural assimilation. Known also as the Man-se Demonstrations, it was a pivotal early effort towards Korean independence, involving over 1,000 protests across various cities. Led by 33 cultural and religious leaders, it drew support from thousands, including students and civilians in Seoul. The Japanese authorities harshly suppressed these prot