Non-immune cells play a crucial and often underappreciated role in host defense against invading pathogens. Beyond serving as passive physical barriers, ...

C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) play central roles in immune recognition, engaging diverse endogenous and exogenous ligands through their C-type lectin-like ...

Before invaders can be stopped, they must first be detected, and this is accomplished by pattern recognition receptors located on the surface of plant cells. The ability of these receptors to detect ...

Innate immune sensors – known as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) – detect specific molecular components of bacterial or viral intruders. The PRRs forward the signals which results in the ...

Innate immune sensors – known as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) – detect specific molecular components of bacterial or viral intruders. The PRRs forward the signals which results in the ...

Characterising covid-19 as “a vascular disease masquerading as a respiratory one” accurately captures its systemic ...