You have full access to this article via your institution. Figure 3: P2Y 2 receptor on monocytes and macrophages as a sensor of ATP and UTP released by apoptotic cells. Figure 4: Interference with the ...

An ongoing challenge for researchers who are studying the origins of life is figuring out how biopolymers such as DNA and RNA might have formed in the first place. In the case of RNA, a candidate for ...

Within the nucleus of every cell are long strings of DNA, the code that holds all the information needed to make and control every cell within a living organism. DNA, which stands for deoxyribonucleic ...

For the first time, scientists have developed artificial nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA, with several additional properties in the laboratory. The DNA carries the genetic information of all ...

Purine nucleotides are essential for cell growth and function as they serve as nucleic acid building blocks, signaling molecules, and energy carriers. Treatments that inhibit their synthesis offer a ...

Mutations are alterations to a DNA sequence. If one thinks of the information in DNA as a series of sentences, mutations are errors in spelling the words that make up those sentences. Sometimes ...

A single process for how a group of molecules called nucleotides were made on the early Earth, before life began, has been suggested by a team of researchers. A single process for how a group of ...

THE latest twist in the origin-of-life tale is double helical. Chemists are close to demonstrating that the building blocks of DNA can form spontaneously from chemicals thought to be present on the ...

This article explores limitations of chemical synthesis in high-throughput settings and the technical advantages enzymatic ...

This diagram depicts the chemical structure of pyrimidine, a six-membered aromatic ring with two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 (highlighted in blue). The remaining positions are occupied by ...