Researchers have created software and hardware for a 4D printer with applications in the biomedical field. In addition to 3D printing, this machine allows for controlling extra functions: programming ...

During the early stages of life, organs do not just appear in their final form. They take shape through a process of controlled bending, twisting, and folding. These changes help cells organize into ...

4D printing, or printing using adaptive materials, is on the cutting edge of 3D printing technology, and there may be a way ...

A recent study published in Advanced Materials introduced a 4D printing method to create tubular moisture-responsive ...

The concept of 4D printing isn't a new idea, but processes that use new types of environmental stimuli keep on appearing. 4D printing is usually defined as 3D printing with materials that change shape ...

A 4D-printed structure pairs origami panels with a lattice core to fold flat for storage and bear heavy loads once deployed.

(Nanowerk Spotlight) Smart materials that can change their properties like color or shape in response to external stimuli are highly desirable for advanced applications like soft robotics, adaptable ...